Axon

An axon is a long, thread-like part of a neuron (nerve cell) that transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body toward other neurons, muscles, or glands. Axons are essential for communication within the nervous system, facilitating the relay of information across long distances. They typically branch out at their terminal ends to form synapses, where neurotransmitters are released to send signals to adjacent cells. The axon's structure often includes a myelin sheath, which is a fatty layer that insulates the axon and enhances the speed of impulse transmission through a process called saltatory conduction. Overall, axons play a crucial role in the functioning of the nervous system by enabling rapid communication between different parts of the body.